What impact did the Gold Rush have on California's population?

The Gold Rush had a profound impact on California's population, resulting in a dramatic influx of settlers and a population boom. Beginning in 1848, when gold was discovered at Sutter's Mill, thousands of prospectors and those seeking fortune, known as "49ers," traveled to California. This sudden rush of people was not limited to Americans; immigrants from various countries, including China, Europe, and Latin America, also migrated in search of opportunity.

The influx of diverse populations not only increased the number of residents but also led to the rapid development of towns and cities. Areas that were previously sparsely populated transformed into bustling hubs almost overnight, filled with services, goods, and industries to support the growing population. This demographic change significantly altered the social fabric of California and set the stage for its future as a complex, multicultural state.

The other options do not accurately reflect the historical realities of the period; instead, they overlook the dynamic transformation California underwent due to the Gold Rush.