Who was the photographer known for documenting the Great Depression?

Dorothea Lange is renowned for her powerful photography that captured the struggles of individuals and families during the Great Depression. Her most famous image, "Migrant Mother," serves as a poignant representation of the suffering experienced by many Americans during this tumultuous period. Lange's work highlighted the harsh realities of poverty, displacement, and desperation faced by those affected by economic hardship, and her photographs played a significant role in raising public awareness of these issues.

In contrast, Thomas Edison was an inventor and businessman, primarily known for his innovations in electrical engineering rather than documentary photography. Denis Kearney was an activist focused on labor rights in California, while James Marshall is best known for discovering gold at Sutter's Mill, an event that sparked the California Gold Rush, which occurred well before the Great Depression. Therefore, Lange’s dedicated work in documenting the realities of the Great Depression stands out distinctly, making her the accurate choice.